Non shockable rhythms
Unlock This Video Now for FREE
This video is normally available to paying customers.
You may unlock this video for FREE. Enter your email address for instant access AND to receive ongoing updates and special discounts related to this topic.
Understanding Cardiac Arrest: Causes, Rhythms, and Initial Response
Non-Shockable Rhythms in Cardiac Arrest
In some cardiac arrest cases, the heart enters a non-shockable rhythm. During the initial stages, the primary treatment involves high-quality chest compressions and ventilations. It's crucial to note that the chances of reverting asystole (flatline) back into a life-supporting rhythm are less than 6%. In contrast, for ventricular fibrillation, the success rate is approximately 40%.
Understanding the Causes
Cardiac arrest can be attributed to various factors, and a helpful mnemonic to remember these causes is the four H's and four T's. Recognizing these reversible causes is essential during a cardiac arrest scenario:
The Four H's
- Hypoxia: Inadequate oxygen supply
- Hypothermia: Dangerously low body temperature
- Hypovolemia: Low blood volume
- Metabolic Imbalances: Includes hypo/hypercalcemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis
The Four T's
- Cardiac Tamponade: Compression of the heart due to fluid accumulation
- Tension Pneumothorax: Build-up of air in the chest, causing pressure on the heart
- Toxins: Poisoning or exposure to harmful substances
- Thromboembolic: Blood clots or embolisms, often following a heart attack or stroke
In the pre-hospital setting, thromboembolic events, such as those occurring after a myocardial infarction (heart attack) or a significant cerebrovascular accident (CVA or stroke), are among the more frequently encountered causes of cardiac arrest.
Recommended Products For You
.jpg)
